To maintain normal functioning in the body. Give three examples of bodily functions that decrease their activity as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation.ĭescribe the main roles of the parasympathetic nervous system. Give three examples of bodily functions that increase their activity as a result of sympathetic nervous system activation. In a evolutionary perspective, if you are able to react quicker to attacks, you are more likely to survive prey. The sympathetic system allows for heightened alterness and immediate responses to danger and threats that may occur. What is the role of the sympathetic nervous system in enhancing survival? The sympathetic nervous system responds to threats and dangerous situations whereas the parasympathetic nervous system regulates normal conditions. Learning Activity 5.5 In what main way do the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system differ? flinching when you hear a loud noise → autonomic nervous system.laughing at a joke → autonomic nervous system.talking on the phone → somatic nervous system.washing the dog → somatic nervous system.crouching on the blocks awaiting the starting siren before swimming in a 50-metre freestyle final → somatic nervous system.clenching your fists while watch a scary movie movie → autonomic nervous system.sweating before having to give an important speech → autonomic nervous system.pressing a key to answer a mobile phone call → somatic nervous system.The central nervous system is unable to make similar changes to the bodys vital organs without communicating with the autonomic nervous system to do so. Heartrate and breathing speed up, preparing the body for physical activity and epinephrine is secreted from the adrenal glands. The autonomic nervous system is more important as it aids in preparing the body to flee or flight prey. Which is more important in maintaining our survival: the autonomic nervous system or the central nervous system? Explain with reference to an example. Visceral muscles are continuously regulated whereas skeletal muscles can remain relaxed or contracted. What is a key different between skeletal muscles and visceral muscles? When being spooked in a scary movie, the CNS may send messages to the PNS to speed up heartrate after a jump scare. Some of the organs controlled by the autonomic nervous system can be regulated voluntarily for example blinking and breathing.Įxplain the relationship of the autonomic nervous system to the central nervous system with reference to a physiological response. Is 'autonomous' an accurate term for describing this nervous system? Explain with reference to an example. Since the organs that autonomic system controls are largely controlled involuntarily, the system is labelled as being autonomous. Learning Activity 5.3 Explain why the autonomic nervous system is described as autonomous Motor neurons are responsible for the movements made in your arm and hand muscles in order to tighten your grip on the glass to pick it up. The sensory neurons relay information about seeing the glass of water on the table to the brain, and aid in positioning your hand around the glass. Explain both the sensory and motor roles of in grasping the glass. Whenever you reach to pick up a glass of water on a table, both the sensory and motor functions of the somatic nevous system are involved. They are found exclusively in the CNS and are most abundant in the brain. Interneurons and neurons that connect sensory neurons to motor neurons. What are interneurons and where are they found? Sensory neurons are responsible for to feeling and sensing and send information to the CNS, while motor neurons recieve information from the CNS and send information to muscles and organs. Sensory or afferent neurons would be used when completing an eyesight test, while motor or efferent neurons would be used when giving someone a hi-5.ĭistinguish between the roles of sensory and motor neurons Give an example of each of these functions, using examples not referred to in the text. The somatic nervous system functions to recieve sensory input from the outside world and to send out information to muscles and organs in order to make them function. Learning Activity 5.1 Briefly describe the two main functions of the somatic nervous system
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